Carburetor



latented Nov. 8, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CHARLES HENRI CLAUDEL, OF VEUXHAULLES, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO SOCIETE ANO- NYME LA COOPERATION AGRICOLE &, INDUSTRIELLE, OF VEUXHAULLES, FRANCE CABBURETOR Application filed November 9, 1928, Serial No. 318,158, and in France September 25, 1928.

sion, or their nozzles, a tapered ring or a ring of the converging and diverging type, or venturi, or analogous device, which liniits the flow section of the air and which serves to increase the e'ect of the suction of the current of air upon the said orifices.

Vhen rings of the Venturi type are employed, the internal diameter of the neck of the said rings is practically limited, in a given carburetor, to a certain relatively small value, since it is necessary that the air flow section shall be sumciently small in order that when the engine operates at slow speed and at a relatively high power, the suction at the exit orifices of the emulsion shall be sufficient for a good resumption of speed or for a satisfactory operation in such conditions. However in this event the diameter is too small for the normal functioning at high speeds, in which case it is preferable on the contrary that the diameter of the venturi should be as large as possible, so as to reduce the losses of pressure and to properly fill the engine cylinders. In the known carburetors, by reason of these contradictory desiderata, the Venturi rings always have a too small diameter for high speeds.

The object of the present invention is to overcome these disadvantages, and to provide a very simple construction which may be adapted to nearly all carburetors of known construction, and which satises automatically the various requirements above set forth in accordance with the varying running conditions of the engine.

In accordance with the invention this object is attained by utilizing a Venturi device adapted to be moved freely with respect to a coaxial mixing device under the action of the varying suction of the engine in a manner known per se; the outline of the mixing device is shaped so that the section of the passage of air between itself and the inner surface of the movable Venturi ring will be constant for all positions of said Venturi ring except when the latter is in or near its lowest position, corresponding to closing of the throttle, in which lower position the section of the air passage is decreased.

t follows that when the throttle, after being closed, is suddenly opened, the operation of the Venturi ring will be delayed for a short time owing to inertia, and for a short time the air passage will have minimum cross-section, and there will therefore be produc-ing in the mixing and diffusing system a depression greater than if the Venturi ring had operated immediately and causing a momentarily stronger flow of liquid in order to assure good acceleration of the engine. After this short time, the Venturi ring having risen through a predetermined distance, the cross-section of the air passage remains constant. Y

In the practice the suitable shape of the mixing device is realized by a cylindrical member and a conical member fixed at the lower part of the first or adapted to be adjusted.

The accompanying drawing shows by way of example two embodiments of the invention. The Fig. l is a vertical section of the carburetor and the Fig. 2 diagrammatically shows another form of the invention.

l represents the arrangement of the nozzles for producng the emulsion and for the diffusion, also comprising the flexible reduced speed nozzle 2, and further the discharge oriiices for the full speed 3. Around the tube 1 is disposed the tapered member 4., which may be fixed or movable and may form a correcting device for the main supply of air which is under manual or automatic control according to certain particular conditions of the atmosphere or of the engine. 5 is the engine suction conduit containing a Venturi ring 6. Said ring 6 is movable lengthwise in the known manner so that it may be automatically displaced by the variations of the suction produced in the space C above the same in the said. conduit. For example the conduit comprises a certain number of screws 7 whose ends 7 enter the corresponding lengthwise slots 8 in the ring 6.

When the speed is increased, that is when the throttle 9 is opened, the vacuum or suction in C will increase, thus raising the ring 6 andY increasing the air flow to its normal value, but said raising is delayed for a short time owing to an inertia, and Jfor a. short time the air passage will have therminimum cross-section less than normal. This causes a momentarily stronger flow of liquid fuel and assures good acceleration of the engine. After this short time the venturi having risen through a predetermined distance` the cross section of the air passage remains constant at the value z'.

To the action of gravity I may add the action of springs or like accessory elements adapted to transmit the pressure or suction. For example in the said apparatus. the suction in the chamber C is transmitted through the slot 8 to the interior of the annular chamber 10, being thus exercised uniformlv on the surface of the shoulder 11,'thus providing an additional force for raising the said ring. I may alsointerpose springs or use dash-pots of pivoted movable plates Z disposed in a circle or otherwise around the nozzles, thus forming by their assemblage an aperture for increased flow at a high rate, and I may thus more or less close the air passage by turning each plate on its pivot 0 (Fig. 2). Y

I claim:

A carbureto-r for internal combustion motors, comprising in combination, a central diffusing system with cylindrical lowerrpart, means for automatically varying, by any speed of the motor, the proportion of the quantity of air with reference to the quantity Vof liquid fuel, a Venturi ring free and distinct from said means disposed around said cylindrical lower part, slidable lengthwise in the motor suction conduit under the movable action of the suction prevailing in said conduit and letting between said ring and the cylindrical part of said central diffusing system an air flow space constant for any position of the ring, a member of general tapered form disposed around said cylindrical lower-part and cooperating with said ring in lower position to reserve an air flow space smaller than the above mentioned space, and means to delay the lifting motion of said Venturi ring in such manner that the operating time of the smaller passage will be increased.

In testimony whereof I have signed this speciication.Y c

CHARLES HENRI CLAUDEL.

or like retarding devices so that the ring 6,

when the speed is increased` that is when the throttle 9 is opened, will be delayed in its ascent. so that the increase in the speed will take place' at first by the use of a. small How section z', in order to exercise a great suction on the emulsion, and that theV ring 6 will then rise and thus increase the flow section z'. so that it will have the'proper proportion to the normal functioning lof the engine at high speeds.

' My invention is applicable to alltypes of i carburetors, and may be combined with air corrector-s such as 4 which are movable and are under manual control or-under automatlc control according to certaink external conditions or certain states of the engine, such as the temperature of the engine or of the surrounding space, the hygrometric state of the Y .llt 

